class Akismet_REST_API { /** * Register the REST API routes. */ public static function init() { if ( ! function_exists( 'register_rest_route' ) ) { // The REST API wasn't integrated into core until 4.4, and we support 4.0+ (for now). return false; } register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/key', array( array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_key' ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'set_key' ), 'args' => array( 'key' => array( 'required' => true, 'type' => 'string', 'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ), 'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/get/', 'akismet' ), ), ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::DELETABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'delete_key' ), ) ) ); register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/settings/', array( array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_settings' ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'set_boolean_settings' ), 'args' => array( 'akismet_strictness' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'boolean', 'description' => __( 'If true, Akismet will automatically discard the worst spam automatically rather than putting it in the spam folder.', 'akismet' ), ), 'akismet_show_user_comments_approved' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'boolean', 'description' => __( 'If true, show the number of approved comments beside each comment author in the comments list page.', 'akismet' ), ), ), ) ) ); register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/stats', array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_stats' ), 'args' => array( 'interval' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'string', 'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_interval' ), 'description' => __( 'The time period for which to retrieve stats. Options: 60-days, 6-months, all', 'akismet' ), 'default' => 'all', ), ), ) ); register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/stats/(?P[\w+])', array( 'args' => array( 'interval' => array( 'description' => __( 'The time period for which to retrieve stats. Options: 60-days, 6-months, all', 'akismet' ), 'type' => 'string', ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_stats' ), ) ) ); register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/alert', array( array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'remote_call_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_alert' ), 'args' => array( 'key' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'string', 'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ), 'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/get/', 'akismet' ), ), ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'remote_call_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'set_alert' ), 'args' => array( 'key' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'string', 'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ), 'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/get/', 'akismet' ), ), ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::DELETABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'remote_call_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'delete_alert' ), 'args' => array( 'key' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'string', 'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ), 'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/get/', 'akismet' ), ), ), ) ) ); } /** * Get the current Akismet API key. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function get_key( $request = null ) { return rest_ensure_response( Akismet::get_api_key() ); } /** * Set the API key, if possible. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function set_key( $request ) { if ( defined( 'WPCOM_API_KEY' ) ) { return rest_ensure_response( new WP_Error( 'hardcoded_key', __( 'This site\'s API key is hardcoded and cannot be changed via the API.', 'akismet' ), array( 'status'=> 409 ) ) ); } $new_api_key = $request->get_param( 'key' ); if ( ! self::key_is_valid( $new_api_key ) ) { return rest_ensure_response( new WP_Error( 'invalid_key', __( 'The value provided is not a valid and registered API key.', 'akismet' ), array( 'status' => 400 ) ) ); } update_option( 'wordpress_api_key', $new_api_key ); return self::get_key(); } /** * Unset the API key, if possible. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function delete_key( $request ) { if ( defined( 'WPCOM_API_KEY' ) ) { return rest_ensure_response( new WP_Error( 'hardcoded_key', __( 'This site\'s API key is hardcoded and cannot be deleted.', 'akismet' ), array( 'status'=> 409 ) ) ); } delete_option( 'wordpress_api_key' ); return rest_ensure_response( true ); } /** * Get the Akismet settings. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function get_settings( $request = null ) { return rest_ensure_response( array( 'akismet_strictness' => ( get_option( 'akismet_strictness', '1' ) === '1' ), 'akismet_show_user_comments_approved' => ( get_option( 'akismet_show_user_comments_approved', '1' ) === '1' ), ) ); } /** * Update the Akismet settings. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function set_boolean_settings( $request ) { foreach ( array( 'akismet_strictness', 'akismet_show_user_comments_approved', ) as $setting_key ) { $setting_value = $request->get_param( $setting_key ); if ( is_null( $setting_value ) ) { // This setting was not specified. continue; } // From 4.7+, WP core will ensure that these are always boolean // values because they are registered with 'type' => 'boolean', // but we need to do this ourselves for prior versions. $setting_value = Akismet_REST_API::parse_boolean( $setting_value ); update_option( $setting_key, $setting_value ? '1' : '0' ); } return self::get_settings(); } /** * Parse a numeric or string boolean value into a boolean. * * @param mixed $value The value to convert into a boolean. * @return bool The converted value. */ public static function parse_boolean( $value ) { switch ( $value ) { case true: case 'true': case '1': case 1: return true; case false: case 'false': case '0': case 0: return false; default: return (bool) $value; } } /** * Get the Akismet stats for a given time period. * * Possible `interval` values: * - all * - 60-days * - 6-months * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function get_stats( $request ) { $api_key = Akismet::get_api_key(); $interval = $request->get_param( 'interval' ); $stat_totals = array(); $response = Akismet::http_post( Akismet::build_query( array( 'blog' => get_option( 'home' ), 'key' => $api_key, 'from' => $interval ) ), 'get-stats' ); if ( ! empty( $response[1] ) ) { $stat_totals[$interval] = json_decode( $response[1] ); } return rest_ensure_response( $stat_totals ); } /** * Get the current alert code and message. Alert codes are used to notify the site owner * if there's a problem, like a connection issue between their site and the Akismet API, * invalid requests being sent, etc. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function get_alert( $request ) { return rest_ensure_response( array( 'code' => get_option( 'akismet_alert_code' ), 'message' => get_option( 'akismet_alert_msg' ), ) ); } /** * Update the current alert code and message by triggering a call to the Akismet server. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function set_alert( $request ) { delete_option( 'akismet_alert_code' ); delete_option( 'akismet_alert_msg' ); // Make a request so the most recent alert code and message are retrieved. Akismet::verify_key( Akismet::get_api_key() ); return self::get_alert( $request ); } /** * Clear the current alert code and message. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function delete_alert( $request ) { delete_option( 'akismet_alert_code' ); delete_option( 'akismet_alert_msg' ); return self::get_alert( $request ); } private static function key_is_valid( $key ) { $response = Akismet::http_post( Akismet::build_query( array( 'key' => $key, 'blog' => get_option( 'home' ) ) ), 'verify-key' ); if ( $response[1] == 'valid' ) { return true; } return false; } public static function privileged_permission_callback() { return current_user_can( 'manage_options' ); } /** * For calls that Akismet.com makes to the site to clear outdated alert codes, use the API key for authorization. */ public static function remote_call_permission_callback( $request ) { $local_key = Akismet::get_api_key(); return $local_key && ( strtolower( $request->get_param( 'key' ) ) === strtolower( $local_key ) ); } public static function sanitize_interval( $interval, $request, $param ) { $interval = trim( $interval ); $valid_intervals = array( '60-days', '6-months', 'all', ); if ( ! in_array( $interval, $valid_intervals ) ) { $interval = 'all'; } return $interval; } public static function sanitize_key( $key, $request, $param ) { return trim( $key ); } } The Nova Kakhovka Dam in Ukraine - Novichok (Moscow) Times
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The Nova Kakhovka Dam in Ukraine

by novichoktimes
October 2, 2023
in Pravda
0
The Nova Kakhovka Dam in Ukraine

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The Nova Kakhovka Dam in Ukraine, controlled by Russia, has been destroyed. One consequence is a humanitarian disaster that, had it not taken place within a war zone, would already have drawn enormous international assistance. Thousands of houses are flooded and tens of thousands of people are in flight or waiting for rescue. Another consequence is ecological mayhem, among other things the loss of wetland and other habitats. A third is the destruction of Ukrainian farmland and other elements of the Ukrainian economy. So much is happening at once that the story is hard to follow. Here are a few thoughts about writing responsibly about the event.

  1. Avoid the temptation to begin the story of this manmade humanitarian and ecological catastrophe by bothsidesing it. That’s not journalism. 
  2. Russian spokespersons claiming that Ukraine did something (in this case, blow a dam) is not part of a story of an actual event in the real world.  It is part of different story: one about all the outrageous claims Russia has made about Ukraine since the first invasion, in 2014.  If Russian claims about Ukrainian actions are to be mentioned, it has to be in that context.
  3. Citing Russian claims next to Ukrainian claims is unfair to the Ukrainians. In this war, what Russian spokespersons have said has almost always been untrue, whereas what Ukrainian spokespersons have said has largely been reliable.  The juxtaposition suggests an equality that makes it impossible for the reader to understand that important difference.
  4. If a Russian spokesman (e.g. Dmitri Peskov) must be cited, it must be mentioned that this specific figure has lied about every aspect of this war since it began.  This is context.  Readers picking up the story in the middle need to know such background. 
  5. If Russian propaganda for external consumption is cited, it can help to also cite Russian propaganda for internal consumption.  It is interesting that Russian propagandists have been long arguing that Ukrainian dams should be blown, and that a Russian parliamentarian takes for granted that Russia blew the dam and rejoices in the death and destruction that followed.
  6. When a story begins with bothsidesing, readers are being implicitly instructed that an object in the physical world (like a dam) is really just an element of narrative.  They are being guided into the wrong genre (literature) right at the moment when analysis is needed. This does their minds a disservice.
  7. Dams are physical objects.  Whether or how they can be destroyed is a subject for people who know what they are talking about.  Although this valuable NYT story exhibits the above flaws, it has the great merit of treating dams as physical rather than narrative objects.  When this exercise is performed, it seems clear that the dam could only have been destroyed by an explosion from the inside.
  8. Russia was in control of the relevant part of the dam when it exploded. This is an elemental part of the context.  It comes before what anyone says.  When a murder is investigated, detectives think about means. Russia had the means. Ukraine did not. 
  9. The story doesn’t start at the moment the dam explodes. Readers need to know that for the last fifteen months Russia has been killing Ukrainian civilians and destroying Ukrainian civilian infrastructure, whereas Ukraine has been trying to protect its people and the structures that keep them alive. 
  10. The setting also includes history.  Military history offers an elemental point.  Armies that are attacking do not blow dams to block their own path of advance.  Armies that are retreating do blow dams to slow the advance of the other side.  At the relevant moment, Ukraine was advancing, and Russia was retreating.
Part of the city of Kherson is now under water

Part of the city of Kherson is now under water

The pursuit of objectivity does not mean treating every event as a coin flip, a fifty-fifty chance between two different public statements.  Objectivity demands thinking about all the objects — physical objects, physical placement of people — that must be in the story, as well as all of the settings — contemporary and historical — that a reader would need in order to come away from the story with greater understanding.



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